district, also spelt Ahmadnagar , in Maharashtra, situated partly in the upper Godavari river basin and partly in the Bhima basin, the interfluve in between forms the Ahmadnagar plateau. The physical setup of the district shows three types of land-forms: the western hilly region comprising the Akole tehsil and Sangamner tehsil; the central plateau region including the Parner and Ahmednagar tehsils and parts of Sangamner, Shrigonde, and Karjat tehsils; and the region of northern and southern plains including northern Kopargaon, Rahata, Shrirampur, Rahuri, Newasa, Shevgaon, and Pathardi tehsils. This is the region of the Godavari and the Pravara river basins. The Godavari and the Bhima, a tributary of the Krishna river, drain the district. Ahamadnagar district, covering an area of 170,035 sq km (5.66 per cent), is the largest district in Maharashtra. The name "Ahamadnagar" has come from the name of the founder of the town, Ahmed Shah Nizam Shah.
Modern Ahamadnagar is a progressive district with a large number of sugar factories; the first cooperative sugar factory in Asia was established at Pravaranagar. Ralegan-Siddhi and Hivare Bazar villages are role models of water conservation efforts. Agriculture is the mainstay of the district. Rainfall, however, is unreliable, and food scarcity is a perennial concern. Millet, wheat, and cotton are the district's chief dry crops. Sugar cane is the most important irrigated crop. Sugar factories at Pravaranagar and other places are flourishing, and they command a wide market. Other industries include cotton ginning and pressing and Ayurvedic herbal medicine. Important tourist sites include the Bhandardara Dam and the religious centres of Nevase (Dnyaneshwar), Shirdi (Sai Baba), and Shani-Shinganapur. Ahamadnagar has many places of historical importance including the Ahamadnagar fort where many national leaders of the Indian freedom struggle, including Nehru, were detained. Nehru wrote his famous book, Discovery of India there. Population (2001) 4,040,642.
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