(b. Dec. 24, 1725, Delhi; d. Jan. 1, 1775, Delhi), in full Ahmad Shah Bahadur Mujahid-ud-din Abu Nasr , ineffectual Mughal emperor of India from 1748 to 1754 who lacked personality, training, and leadership qualities. He was entirely dominated by others, including the queen mother, Udham Bai, and the emperor's vicar, Javed Khan. Twice during his reign, the Afghan Ahmad Shah Durrani plundered northwest Punjab, extorting money and land from him. At a demonstration by the Marathas in Sikandarabad, Ahmad Shah fled, abandoning the women of his family to captivity. In 1750, Ahmad Shah's wazir (vizier), Safdar Jang, who had been defeated by Afghans of the Doab, joined the Marathas of southwest India in attempting to gain the spoils of Ahmad Shah's empire. Ahmad Shah was blinded and deposed by the Marathas and their allies in 1754, after which he lived in confinement until his death.
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